The Level of Participation of Parents of Students with Learning Disabilities in the Preparation of the Individual Educational Plan in Al-Qassim Region

The study aimed to identify the level of participation of parents of students with learning disabilities in the preparation of the individual educational plan and identify obstacles of their participation from the perspective of teachers of learning disabilities. The sample consisted of 59 elementary school teachers in the region of Qassim. The study data were collected by a questionnaire prepared by the researchers. The study used the descriptive approach. The results showed that the level of participation of parents was at medium, as well as the high degree of obstacles that prevent their participation in the preparation of the individual educational plan. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the level of participation and its obstacles due to the variable years of experience. It also revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the level of participation due to the education level variable. There were statistically significant differences in participation obstacles due to the variable of scientific qualification between the sample mean and the virtual mean of the study population

Modeling and characterization of traffic flow patterns and identification of airspace density for UTM application

Current airspace has limited resources, and the widespread use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) increases airspace density, which is already crowded with manned aircraft. This demands the improvement of airspace safety and capacity while considering all parametric uncertainties that may hinder aircraft and UAV mobility such as dynamic airspace structures and weather conditions. This paper proposes a data analytics framework to characterize traffic flow patterns of unmanned traffic management (UTM) airspace by analyzing simulated historical data. Mission patterns are characterized and identified by considering multiple UAV missions and scenarios with different priority levels to highlight UAVs’ trajectories and deviations from the actual path due to these constraints. The pertinent data analysis supports risk analysis and improves trajectory planning in different airspace regions considering all dynamic parameters such as extreme weather, emergency services, and dynamic airspace structures. The data processing framework, which is density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), identified significant deviations in mission patterns with almost 82% confidence level. The UTM traffic flow characterization is conducted by three key characterization parameters mainly Distance from Centroid (DFC), Distance to Complete Mission (DTCM) and Time to Complete Mission (TTCM). This work also analyzed the airspace congestion using the Kernel density estimation (KDE). This analysis identified some regions of interference as potential congested areas represe ting safety concerns. The proposed framework is envisioned to assist UTM authority by characterizing air traffic behavior, managing its flow, improving airspace design, and providing the basis for developing predictive capabilities that support traffic flow management

Process Flow Diagram of Dissalination Tower

Distillation columns are key unit operations in traditional chemical engineering, especially in the oil and gas industry. They are usually tall structures filled with heated flammable fluids, and are consequently inherently hazardous. Many serious accidents have centered on columns and their ancillary operations

Injuries type and its relation with Glasgow Coma Scale, injury severity score and blood transfusion in road traffic accident Victims.

Motor Vehicular Accidents claim about 1.2 million lives and injure more than 10 million people annually worldwide. The injuries caused by MVAs can be analyzed based on the type of injury, injury severity score, Glasgow Coma Scale and required blood transfusion. Methodology: A total number of 190 patients were included in this retrospective study from January 01, 2010 to December 31, 2015. The study aimed to determine the correlation between the type of injuries and GCS, ISS, and blood transfusions in the patients suffering from Motor Vehicle Accidents, who were presented to the Emergency Department at the King Khalid Hospital. All the data of the patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were collected from the database at medical records department of the hospital. Results: Majority of the patients were adults Saudi male. 68.9% of the patients did not sustain shock, and 75.8% of patients did not require a blood transfusion. Patients with head, neck, chest, abdominal, internal organ, pelvic or spinal injuries conferred a statistically significant higher mean ISS. Patients with abdominal or internal organ injuries had a statistically significant higher mean units of blood transfused. GCS was seen to be lower in the head, neck, chest, abdominal, internal organ, spinal and other injuries. Conclusions: The study documents a significant correlation between the type of injury and GCS, ISS, and blood transfusion in victims of road traffic accident. Emergency physician and the caregivers should be more careful about the injuries associated with lower GCS. Patients sustaining injuries of certain parts related to high ISS (i.e., head, chest, abdominal, internal organ, pelvic) should be addressed on priority basis

Pharmacological Potential of Hippophae rhamnoides L. Nano-Emulsion for Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Animals’ Model: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

The most common female endocrinopathy, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), generally affects women of childbearing age. Hippophae rhamnoides L. has been traditionally used to improve menstrual cyclicity. Gas chromatography by flame ionization detection analysis showed that it contained various phytoconstituents such as omega-3 fatty acid, phytosterols, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. H. rhamnoides L. (HR) nano-emulsion was also formulated. HR and its encapsulated nano-emulsion (HRNE) were evaluated for the treatment of PCOS. Thirty-five healthy female adult albino rats were acquired and divided into seven groups (n = 5). Letrozole (1 mg/kg) was used for 5 weeks to induce the disease. To confirm disease (PCOS) induction, the animals were weighed weekly and their vaginal smears were analyzed daily under a microscope. After PCOS induction, animals were treated with metformin, HR, and HRNE with two different doses (0.5/kg and 1 g/kg, p.o.) for 5 weeks. At the end of the treatment, animals were euthanized, and blood was collected for hormonal assessment, lipid profiling, and liver functioning test assessment. Both the ovaries were preserved for histopathology and liver for the purpose of assessment of antioxidant potential. The results revealed that HR and HRNE at both doses improved the hormonal imbalance; follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen, and progesterone levels are increased, while luteinizing hormone surge and testosterone level are controlled. Insulin sensitivity is improved. Ovarian histopathology showed that normal ovarian echotexture is restored with corpus luteum and mature and developing follicles. HR and HRNE also improved the lipid profile and decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA) with improved antioxidant markers (SOD, CAT, and GSH). Results were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and were considered significant only if p < 0.05. In conclusion, it can be postulated that H. rhamnoides L. proved effective in the management of PCOS and its nano-emulsion effects were statistically more significant, which might be due to better bioavailability

Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel.

This in vitro study investigated the extrinsic tooth-whitening effect of bleaching products containing polyphosphates on the dental enamel surface compared to 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). Eighty human molars were randomly allocated into four whitening-products groups. Group A (control) was treated with 10% CP (Opalescence). The other groups with non-CP over-the-counter (OTC) products were group B = polyphosphates (iWhiteWhitening-Kit); group C = polyphosphates+fluoride (iWhite-toothpaste); and group D = sodium bicarbonate (24K-Whitening-Pen). L*, a*, b* color-parameters were spectrophotometer-recorded at baseline (T0), one day (T1), and one month (T2) post-treatment. Changes in teeth color (ΔEab) were calculated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). Groups A, B, and D showed significant differences in ΔL*&Δa* parameters at T1, but not in Δb* at T0. Group C showed no difference for ΔL*, Δa*, Δb* at T0 and T1. Group A showed differences for ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, at T2, while groups B, C, and D had no difference in any parameters at T0. At T1, ΔEab values = A &gt; D&gt; B &gt; C (ΔEab = 13.4 &gt; 2.4 &gt; 2.1 &gt; 1.2). At T2, ΔEab values increased = A &gt; B &gt; C &gt; D (ΔEab = 12.2 &gt; 10.6 &gt; 9.2 &gt; 2.4). In conclusion, the 10% CP and Biomimetic polyphosphate extrinsic whitening kit demonstrated the highest color change, while simulated brushing with dark stain toothpaste and a whitening pen demonstrated the lowest color change at both measurement intervals

Squint Among Adult Population in Hail City, Saudi Arabia

Background: Strabismus, also known as crossed eyes, is a condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. If present during a large part of childhood, it may result in amblyopia. If onset is during adulthood, it is more likely to result in double vision. Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of squint, types and treatment characteristics in the studied adults in Hail city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Hail city, Saudi Arabia. The study included 294 participants; 95 male and 199 female adults aged &gt;20 years. The study period was from 1 January to 30 April 2018. Data collected by personal interview using a pre-designed questionnaire, which distributed among the participants to be self-reported. Results: The prevalence of squint among the studied population was 9.9%. it was more common in females than males. Squint was right sided in 24.1% of the cases, left sided in 51.7% and in both eyes in 24.1% of the studied cases. About half (44.8%) of cases had inward squint (esotropia) and 10.3% outward squint (exsotropia), 24.1% of the cases had Intermittent squint and 6.9% had permanent squint. Most (55.2%) of squint cases use glasses and 34.5% of cases squint affected their visual acuity. In 6.9%, squint causes psychological troubles. As regards treatment, 20.7% received medical treatment and 17.2% received surgical treatment but 62.1% do not seek medical care. Only 10.3% of cases completely cured and 13.8% had recurrence. There was insignificant relation with age, sex, education, squint in parents, chronic diseases, consanguinity or hereditary diseases (P&gt;0.05). Conclusion: in this study, the prevalence of squint in the adult participants in Hail city, Saudi Arabia was 9.9% but 62.1% do not seek medical care. After treatment, only 10.3% of cases completely cured and 13.8% had recurrence. Health education of the public about importance of early treatment is highly recommended. Keywords: Squint; strabismus; adult population; prevalence; types; Hail; Saudi Arabia

Injuries type and its relation with Glasgow Coma Scale, injury severity score and blood transfusion in road traffic accident Victims.

Motor Vehicular Accidents claim about 1.2 million lives and injure more than 10 million people annually worldwide. The injuries caused by MVAs can be analyzed based on the type of injury, injury severity score, Glasgow Coma Scale and required blood transfusion. Methodology: A total number of 190 patients were included in this retrospective study from January 01, 2010 to December 31, 2015. The study aimed to determine the correlation between the type of injuries and GCS, ISS, and blood transfusions in the patients suffering from Motor Vehicle Accidents, who were presented to the Emergency Department at the King Khalid Hospital. All the data of the patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were collected from the database at medical records department of the hospital. Results: Majority of the patients were adults Saudi male. 68.9% of the patients did not sustain shock, and 75.8% of patients did not require a blood transfusion. Patients with head, neck, chest, abdominal, internal organ, pelvic or spinal injuries conferred a statistically significant higher mean ISS. Patients with abdominal or internal organ injuries had a statistically significant higher mean units of blood transfused. GCS was seen to be lower in the head, neck, chest, abdominal, internal organ, spinal and other injuries. Conclusions: The study documents a significant correlation between the type of injury and GCS, ISS, and blood transfusion in victims of road traffic accident. Emergency physician and the caregivers should be more careful about the injuries associated with lower GCS. Patients sustaining injuries of certain parts related to high ISS (i.e., head, chest, abdominal, internal organ, pelvic) should be addressed on priority basis

Design and study of a miniaturized millimeter wave array antenna for wireless body area network

A miniaturized millimeter wave (mmWave) antenna for wireless body area networks is proposed in this paper. The antenna is found to be operational in the V-band, around the 60 GHz frequency range, with high efficiency of up to 99.98% in free space simulations. A multilayer, thin substrate was implemented in the design to enhance radiation efficiency and gain. The antenna seems to be most suitable for small electronic devices and wireless body area network (WBAN) applications because of its low profile and lighter weight concept. To enhance its performance, several arrays of different orders were created. The Parallel-Fed and Tapered Feed Line methods were followed to design the planar arrays with 1 × 2, 1 × 4, and 2 × 2 elements in the primary design. Free space results were compared, and a 2 × 2 element array was found to be the most balanced according to the simulations. To justify the eligibility of these designs for WBAN applications, a virtual human body model was created within the 3D computer-simulated environment and the simulations were repeated, where four equal-spaced distances were taken into account to identify the antenna and its array behavior more accurately. Simulations returned optimistic results for the 2 × 2 element planar array arrangement in almost all parameters, even when placed close to the human body at any distance greater than 2 mm

GC–MS profiling of Bacillus spp. metabolites with an in vitro biological activity assessment and computational analysis of their impact on epithelial glioblastoma cancer genes

Background: Bacterial metabolites play a crucial role in human health and have proven effective in treating various diseases. In this study, the 16S rRNA method and streaking were employed to isolate and molecularly identify a bacterial strain, with the goal of characterizing bioactive volatile metabolites extracted using nonpolar and polar solvents.Methods: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis was conducted to identify 29 compounds in the bacterial metabolites, including key compounds associated with Bacillus spp. The main compounds identified included 2-propanone, 4,4-ethylenedioxy-1-pentylamine, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,1-butoxy-1-isobutoxy-butane, and 3,3-ethoxycarbonyl-5-hydroxytetrahydropyran-2-one.Results: The literature indicates the diverse biological and pharmacological applications of these compounds. Different concentrations of the metabolites from Bacillus species were tested for biological activities, revealing significant inhibitory effects on anti-diabetic activity (84.66%), anti-inflammatory activity (99%), antioxidant activity (99.8%), and anti-hemolytic activity (90%). Disc diffusion method testing also demonstrated a noteworthy inhibitory effect against tested strains.Conclusion:In silico screening revealed that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid exhibited anticancer activity and promising drug-designing properties against epithelial glioblastoma cancer genes. The study highlights the potential of Bacillus spp. as a valuable target for drug research, emphasizing the significance of bacterial metabolites in the production of biological antibacterial agents